Artemis PMT Ease Tea | 30g

Artemis PMT Ease Tea

What is PMT Tea?

PMT Ease Tea contains a range of natural herbal ingredients that supports women health by promoting a healthy and regular menstrual cycle. PMT Ease Tea helps restore and maintain hormonal balance to relieve premenstrual discomfort and painful periods.

Why use PMT Tea?

Menstrual problems including irregular menstrual cycles, premenstrual discomfort and painful periods affect many women, and hormonal imbalance is a key factor in these monthly problems. PMT Ease Tea is a blend of natural herbal ingredients that support women through the menstrual cycle to help restore and maintain hormonal balance by promoting a healthy and regular menstrual cycle.

What are the Key Benefits of PMT Ease Tea?

• Traditional medicinal plant formula 
• Promotes regular menstrual cycles and hormonal balance
• Helps manage premenstrual symptoms
• Suitable for women of all ages who are menstruating
• Suitable for teenage girls with menstrual discomfort
• Suitable for breastfeeding mothers
• Suitable for women attempting to conceive after stopping oral contraception
• No restriction for long-term use
• Does not contain sugar or artificial sweeteners
• Does not contain added colours, flavours, preservatives, gluten, wheat or dairy

What causes menstrual problems?

The menstrual cycle is regulated by the female hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced in the ovaries, and are in turn regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) which are produced by the pituitary gland. The menstrual cycle is divided into two phases, the follicular or proliferative phase, during which the uterine lining thickens stimulated by increasing levels of oestrogen. Ovulation then occurs, when a mature egg is released from one of several developing egg follicles. Following ovulation, the luteal or secretory phase prepares the uterus for a pregnancy under the influence of increasing progesterone levels. If pregnancy does not occur, the uterine lining is shed during menstruation. The average menstrual cycle is 28 days and blood volume lost is usually around 30mL. Hormonal imbalances can cause variable cycle length (usually in the follicular phase), increased blood loss (Menorrhagia), increased pain with menstruation (dysmenorrhoea), and Premenstrual tension (PMT) which can build up towards the of the cycle.

What is premenstrual tension?

Premenstrual tension (PMT), also known as premenstrual syndrome, describes a range of physical and mental symptoms that occur during the luteal stage of the menstrual cycle, after ovulation has occurred and before menstrual bleeding begins. These symptoms include breast tenderness or mastalgia, bloating, backache, skin problems like acne, food cravings, irritability, tiredness and mood changes. PMT is related to an imbalance in hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle and may be influenced by many possible factors including stress, alcohol, diet and lack of exercise. Also, it is thought that some women are more sensitive to the effects of progesterone or have low levels of the brain hormone serotonin, that regulates mood1. If symptoms are more severe and include depression, this could indicate a condition called premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and a health professional should be consulted.

What is dysmenorrhea?

Dysmenorrhea or painful periods are the result of cramping of the uterine muscle wall, which is caused by excess production of prostaglandin PGF2α, by the endometrium (uterine lining), a hormone like chemical that causes contraction of the uterine wall. This is thought to be associated with higher than normal levels of oestrogen.
What are phytoestrogens?
A Phytoestrogen is a plant derived compound that is similar in structure to endogenous (naturally occurring) oestradiol also known as 17-β-oestradiol or E2. Phytoestrogens can bind to the oestrogen receptor on cells that are responsive to oestrogen and can mimic some of the activities of endogenous oestrogen, although their effects are much weaker.
These include effects on bone, ovarian, vascular and endometrial tissue^{2, 3.}

What is an anxiolytic?

An anxiolytic is a substance that can relieve anxiety, aid sleep, or have a calming effect.

What are the Ingredients of PMT Ease Tea?

Key Ingredients:

Calendula (Calendula officinalis):

Calendula, also known as Marigold, is a flowering plant belonging to the Asteraceae or Compositae (Sunflower) family and is native to Southern Europe but grows in many temperate regions. Calendula has been used in traditional herbal medicine to cleanse wounds, promote healing and treat inflammation since ancient times. Calendula is also used to treat inflammation of internal organs, gastrointestinal ulcers and dysmenorrhea4. Calendula extract contains many pharmacologically active compounds including terpenoids and flavonoids that contribute to its anti-inflammatory activity, and is rich in carotenoids, which are strong antioxidants and antimicrobials^{5, 6, 7.} Using an animal model, the anti-inflammatory activity of calendula extract has been found to be due to inhibition of inflammatory cytokines; also inhibition of the COX 2 enzyme resulting in blocking the production of inflammatory prostaglandins^8.

Chaste tree (Vitex agnus castus):

Chaste tree, also known as Chasteberry and Monk’s Pepper, is a flowering shrub belonging to the Verbenaceae family that is native to the Mediterranean region. Chaste tree has been used in traditional herbal medicine as a tonic for the reproductive system and was believed to be an aphrodisiac. In contemporary herbal medicine, Chaste tree is widely used to relieve premenstrual symptoms. Clinical studies have demonstrated that premenstrual symptoms like mastalgia (breast tenderness and pain), and premenstrual dysphoria are reduced by Chaste tree extract^9. A review of clinical studies concluded that Chaste tree extract is a safe and effective treatment for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoria^10. High levels of the pituitary hormone prolactin, known as latent hyperprolactinaemia, are associated with premenstrual syndrome, which can disrupt hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle. Clinical studies have shown that Chaste tree extract reduces high prolactin levels, which restores normal levels of oestrogen and progesterone in the menstrual cycle^{9, 11.} Several pharmacologically active compounds have been isolated from Chaste tree extracts including diterpenes, which have dopaminergic activity (dopamine stimulating activity) and bind to dopamine receptors on prolactin producing cells of the pituitary gland in vitro, which inhibits prolactin production.

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum):

Cinnamon is obtained from the inner bark of the Cinnamomum tree, a tropical evergreen tree that originated in Sri Lanka and now is widely grown throughout Southeast Asia. There are two varieties of Cinnamon, Ceylon Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and Cassia Cinnamon, which contains high concentrations of coumarin anticoagulants that could be a health risk. In traditional Ayurvedic medicine Cinnamon was used as a remedy for many ailments including respiratory, digestive and gynaecological^12. Cinnamon contains several bioactive compounds including the oils cinnamaldehyde and eugenol with antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, and preclinical studies have indicated potential health benefits including soothing digestive problems and preventing nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea^12. Eugenol has been shown to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and in a clinical study cinnamon was found to reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea^{13, 14.} Cinnamon also contains tannins, which are astringents and cause vascular constriction which may help reduce heavy menstrual bleeding^{15, 16.}

Lady’s mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris):

Lady’s mantle, also known as Lion's Foot is a flowering shrub belonging to the Rosacea family and used in traditional herbal medicine to help women with menstrual problems and excessive menstrual bleeding. Lady’s mantle is also used for bleeding, eczema, inflammation, diarrhoea, ulcers, skin rashes and oedema; and as an herbal tea for high blood pressure and diabetes^{17, 18.} Several pharmacologically active compounds have been identified in extracts of Lady’s mantle including flavonoid glycosides mainly quercetin and gallic acid, and tannins that contribute to its biological properties, including antioxidant by acting as a free radicle scavenger and anti-inflammatory by interacting with signalling pathways to block production of inflammatory mediators^{17, 19, 20.}

Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis):

Lemon balm is a flowering plant belonging to the Lamiaceae or mint family that is native to large areas of Europe and Asia and used in traditional medicine for it calming and relaxing properties. It is still used today as an herbal supplement for insomnia and for its effect on mood, cognitive function and anxiety^{21, 22, 23.} Extracts of Lemon Balm contain several bioactive components including citral, linalool, geraniol, β-Caryophyllene oxide, phenolic acid, tannins, rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid, which contribute to its calming, sedative and antidepressant properties. A study in volunteers with mild-to-moderate anxiety disorders and sleep disturbances demonstrated a significant improvement in symptoms with an extract of lemon balm by reducing worry and stress that can disrupt normal sleep^24. A study in healthy volunteers found extract of Lemon balm reduced laboratory induced stress^25. Lemon Balm extract was found to reduce the severity of physical, psychological and social symptoms of PMS in high school girls^26. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that Lemon Balm extract binds to several brain receptors, including the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, which is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter pathway in the brain. It is thought that the anxiolytic effect and calming effect of Lemon Balm is based on binding to one or more receptors for neurotransmitters that modulate mood^{21, 22.}

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium):

Yarrow is a perennial flowering plant in the family Asteracea that grows in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. It is one of the most ancient known medicinal herbs and has been used in traditional herbal medicine as a uterine tonic to reduce heavy menstrual flow. Extract of Yarrow has been found to contain many bioactive compounds, which are thought to contribute to the traditional uses for Yarrow that include diuretic, antiinflammatory and emmenagogic properties (promoting blood flow in the pelvic area), treating heart problems, gynecological disorders, wound healing and to prevent bleeding^{27, 28, 29.} Certain compounds in Yarrow extract, particularly luteolin and apigenin, were found to have oestrogenic activity in in vitro, by binding to oestrogen receptors^30.  The effect of Yarrow tea on primary dysmenorrhea was evaluated in a group of young women and found to reduce pain severity^31.

Caution

If you are allergic to any plants in the Asteraceae family, as you may also be allergic to calendula in PMT Ease Tea.

What are the Directions for using PMT Ease Tea?

Use one level teaspoon (1g) of PMT Ease Tea powder per cup (150ml) and infuse with boiling water for 5-10 minutes.

Dosage:

Take 3 cups of PMT Ease Tea per day for 8-12 weeks or until your menstrual cycle has become more regular.
To maintain a normal regular cycle, continue to take one cup of PMT Ease Tea daily during the second half or luteal phase of your cycle, once ovulation has occurred.

For best results:

Shake the can before opening, as the contents may settle.

Special instructions

• Do not microwave. 
• Close can immediately after use to avoid external contamination. 
• Store in the fridge in hot and humid climates and keep away from heat and moisture. 

Product Size

30g

References

The following references provide scientific support for the use of this product:

1. Dickerson LM, Mazyck PJ, Hunter MH. Premenstrual syndrome. Am Fam Physician.2003 Apr 15;67(8):1743-52.
2. Sirotkin AV, Harrath AH. Phytoestrogens and their effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2014 Oct 15;741:230-6. 
3. Usui T. Pharmaceutical prospects of phytoestrogens. Endocr J.2006 Feb;53(1):7-20.
4. Arora D, Anita Rani A, Sharma A. A review on phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological aspects of genus Calendula. Pharmacogn Rev 2013 Jul-Dec; 7(14): 179–187.
5. Ashwlayan VD, Kumar A, Verma M, Garg VK, Gupta SK. Therapeutic Potential of Calendula officinalis. Pharm Pharmacol Int J. 2018;6(2):149‒155.
6. Colombo E, Sangiovanni E, D’Ambrosio M, Bosisio E, Ciocarlan A et al. A Bio-Guided Fractionation to Assess the Inhibitory Activity of Calendula officinalis L. on the NF-𝜅B Driven Transcription in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015; 2015: 727342.
7. Della Loggia R, Tubaro A, Sosa S, Becker H, Saar S, Isaac O. The role of triterpenoids in the topical anti-inflammatory activity of Calendula officinalis flowers. Planta Med 1994 Dec;60(6):516-20.
8. Preethi KC, Kuttan G, Kuttan R. Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian J Exp Biol.2009 Feb;47(2):113-20.
9. Wuttke W, Jarry H, Christoffel V, Spengler B, Seidlová-Wuttke D. Chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) pharmacology and clinical indications. Phytomedicine.2003 May;10(4):348-57.
10. Cerqueira RO, Frey BN, Leclerc E, Brietzke E. Vitex agnus castus for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health.2017 Dec;20(6):713-719. 
11. van Die D, Burger HG, Teede HJ, Bone KM. Vitex agnus-castus Extracts for Female Reproductive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Planta Med 2013; 79: 562–575
12. Ranasinghe P, Pigera S, Premakumara GA S, Galappaththy P, Godwin R, Constantine GR, Katulanda P. Medicinal properties of ‘true’ cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): a systematic review. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013, 13:275.
13. Mirabi P, Alamolhoda H, Esmaeilzadeh S, Mojab F. Effect of Medicinal Herbs on Primary Dysmenorrhoea- a Systematic Review. Iran J Pharm Res. 2014; 13(3): 757–767
14. Begum M, Das S, H, Sharma HK. Menstrual Disorders: Causes and Natural Remedies. J Pharm Chem Biol Sci, June-August 2016; 4(2):307-320
15. Livdans-Forret AB, Harvey PJ, Larkin-Their SM. Menorrhagia: A synopsis of management focusing on herbal and nutritional supplements, and chiropractic. J Can Chiropr Assoc 2007 Dec; 51(4): 235–246.
16. Jaafarpour M, Hatefi M, Najafi F; Khajavikhan J, Khan A. The Effect of Cinnamon on Menstrual Bleeding and Systemic Symptoms With Primary Dysmenorrhea. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2015 April; 17(4): e27032 
17. Takır S, Altun IH, Sezgi B, Süzgeç-Selçuk S, A. Mat A, Uydeş-Doǧan BS. Vasorelaxant and blood pressure lowering effects of alchemilla vulgaris: A comparative study of methanol and aqueous extracts. 
18. Trendafilovaa A, Todorovaa M, Nikolovab M, Gavrilovab A, Vitkovab A. Flavonoid Constituents and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Alchemilla mollis. Natural Product Communications Vol. 6 (12) 2011.
19. Nikolova M, Dincheva I, Vitkova A, Badjakov I. Phenolic Acids and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Alchemilla Jumrukczalica PAWL. Int J Pharm Sci Res, 2012; Vol. 3(3): 802-804
20. Schink A, Neumann J, Leifke AL, Ziegler K, Frohlic-Nowoisky J, et al. Screening of herbal extracts for TLR2- and TLR4-dependent anti-inflammatory effects. PLoS One2018; 13(10): e0203907.
21. Scholey A, Gibbs A, Neale C, Perry N, et al. Anti-stress effects of lemon balm-containing foods. Nutrients. 2014 Oct 30;6(11):4805-21. 
22. Shakeri A, Sahebkar A, Javadi B. Melissa officinalis L. - A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2016 Jul 21;188:204-28. 
23. Feliu-Hemmelmann K, Monsalve F, Rivera C. Melissa officinalis and Passiflora caerulea infusion as physiological stress decreaser. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2013;6(6):444–51.
24. Cases J, Ibarra A, Feuillère N, Roller M, Sukkar SG. Pilot trial of Melissa officinalis L. leaf extract in the treatment of volunteers suffering from mild-to-moderate anxiety disorders and sleep disturbances. Med J Nutrition Metab 2011 Dec;4(3):211-218. 
25. Kennedy DO, Little W, Scholey AB. Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in humans after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm). Psychosom Med. 2004;66(4):607–13.
26. Akbarzadeh M, Dehghani M, Moshfeghy Z, Emamghoreishi M, Tavakoli P, Zare N. Effect of Melissa officinalis Capsule on the Intensity of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms in High School Girl Students Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2015;4(2):e27001
27. Ali SI, Gopalakrishnan B, Venkatesalu V. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Achillea millefolium L.: A Review. Phytother Res 2017 Aug;31(8):1140-1161. 
28. Agar OT, Dikmen M, Ozturk N, Yilmaz MA, Temel H, Turkmenoglu FP. Comparative Studies on Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Wound Healing and Cytotoxic Activities of Selected Achillea L. Species Growing in Turkey. Molecules. 2015 Sep 30;20(10):17976-8000. 
29. Vitalini, S.; Beretta, G.; Iriti, M.; Orsenigo, S.; Basilico, N.; Dall’Acqua, S.; Iorizzi, M.; Fico, G. Phenolic compounds from Achillea millefolium L. and their bioactivity. Acta Biochim. Pol. 2011, 58, 203–209. Pdf
30. Saeidnia S, Gohari AR, Mokhber-Dezfuli N, Kiuchi F.A review on phytochemistry and medicinal properties of the genus Achillea. Daru. 2011;19:173–86.
31. Jenabi E, Fereidoony B. Effect of Achillea Millefolium on Relief of Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol.2015 Oct;28(5):402-4.